Top-seeded Infiltration Growth Research Articles

Enhanced trapped magnetic field in bulk (Gd, Y, Er) Ba2Cu3O7-y via varied liquid sources in top-seeded infiltration growth process

The practical applications of the bulk superconductors are determined by the trapped field (TF) and its overall performance. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of various compositions of liquid sources on the trapped field performance of bulk superconductors fabricated using the Top-Seeded Infiltration Growth process (TSIG) in air. We utilized a combination of different liquid sources, Ba3Cu5O8, Yb2O3: BaCuO2: CuO (1:10:6) and ErBa2Cu3Oy + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1) to fabricate the ternary bulk (Gd, Y, Er) Ba2Cu3O7-y (Gd, Y, Er)-123. The use of these liquid sources demonstrated a pivotal role in fabricating single-domain bulks, showcasing significant variation in the trapped field performance. Specifically, the bulk fabricated using ErBa2Cu3Oy + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1) as a liquid source exhibited the best-trapped field performance, showcasing an improvement of 42.92 % compared to the bulk obtained using conventional Ba3Cu5O8 as the liquid source. An enhancement in the critical current density below 77 K was observed in the bulk material produced utilizing Ba3Cu5O8 as the liquid source, with a Jc (3T, 50 K) value reaching 244 kA/cm2. The flux pinning force density (Fp) was analyzed for all samples to understand the pinning mechanisms in ternary (Gd, Y, Er)-123 bulk materials. Furthermore, the maximum trapped field for a 30 mm bulk sample fabricated using a mixture of ErBa2Cu3Oy + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1) was measured at 0.336T. These results emphasize the potential for enhancing or controlling the trapped field performance of the TSIG-processed RE-123 bulks by optimizing the liquid source according to the intended applications of the bulk.

Influence of polyurethane skeleton on structural and superconducting properties of Y-123 foams

The physicochemical properties of Y-123 superconducting foams of various topologies prepared by the top-seeded infiltration-growth (TSIG) method are discussed. During the TSIG process, precursor foams (polyurethanes with various densities, flexibilities, and skeleton types) were infiltrated with a green phase (Y-211) and thermally converted to Y-123 superconductors using NdBCO single-crystal seeds oriented in the [100] direction. The occurrence of the desired superconducting phases were confirmed by X-ray diffraction, Raman and X-ray absorption spectroscopies as well as magnetometric and transport measurements. It was found that the growth of Y-123 foam preserves the crystallographic orientation of the NdBCO seed regardless of the initial alignment of the skeleton. The foams exhibit the critical temperature (Tc) similar to YBCO bulk. High-density and stiffness skeletons favor the Y-123 phase formation, while more flexible foam structures hamper transformation of the Y-211 phase into the Y-123 one.

Exploring the effects of liquid source on superconducting properties and microstructure in ternary bulk (Gd, Y, Er)−123 by infiltration growth process

Superconductors are used in a wide range of applications, each requiring specific magnetic field strengths to operate at their best. The optimal magnetic strength is determined by the superconducting properties, such as critical current density (Jc). In this study, we propose that by using different compositions of liquid source, the superconducting properties and microstructure of bulk superconductors can be optimized according to their intended application. Ba3Cu5O8, Yb2O3:BaCuO2:CuO (1:10:6) and Er123 + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1) were tested as liquid sources, and ternary single-grain bulks (Gd, Y, Er) Ba2Cu3Oy were produced using the top-seeded infiltration growth process (TSIG) in the air. Microstructural analysis with a scanning electron microscope revealed that using Er123 +Ba3Cu5O8(1:1) as the liquid source resulted in a significant reduction in the 211 secondary phase particle size, with a mean particle size reduction of 43.13% compared to the conventional Ba3Cu5O8. Each composition of the liquid source had a significant impact on the superconducting properties, and the Er123 + Ba3Cu5O8 liquid source yielded the highest Jc of 81.91 kA/cm2 in self-field and 28.29 kA/cm2 at 1 T for (Gd, Y, Er)−123 ternary system. These results emphasize the importance of liquid sources in controlling the final microstructure, which ultimately determines the performance of the bulk ternary (Gd, Y, Er)−123 system produced by the IG process.

Transport measurements in single-grain GdBCO+Ag bulk superconductors processed by infiltration growth

Transport measurements performed on a cross-sectional slice prepared from a bulk GdBa2Cu3O7-x-Ag single-grain superconductor of 25 mm in diameter are described and the results presented. The sample, which was fabricated via the buffer-assisted top-seeded infiltration growth process, was capable of trapping a maximum magnetic field of ~ 1 T at 77 K. Transport measurements on superconducting, bulk single-grain RE-Ba-Cu-O [(RE)BCO] samples are generally very challenging due to their large critical current densities and poor mechanical properties. We present a straightforward and reliable approach to prepare reproducibly specimens from the parent single grain and results of transport property measurements on these samples in a commercial Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS). Critical current densities determined via magnetic and transport measurements are compared and discussed.

The effect of pre-sintering and high-temperature infiltration on the properties of single-domain YBCO bulk superconductors by the Y + 011 top-seeded infiltration growth process

The top-seeded infiltration growth process (TSIG) is one of the most important methods for the fabrication of single-domain rare-earth barium copper oxide (REBCO) bulk superconductors. The performance of samples is in the main closely related to the quality of the solid phase pellets (SPPs). In this paper, we report a new method for optimizing the SPPs and properties of single-domain REBCO bulks, including sintering of the SPPs (Y2O3 + BaCuO2), infiltration of the Ba–Cu–O liquid phase and the melting growth process. A group of single-domain YBCO bulk superconductors with a diameter of 20 mm have been fabricated by the modified RE + 011 TSIG method. Both the levitation force and the trapped field of the samples increase at first and then decrease with increase in the sintering time. The largest levitation force of 42.8 N and trapped field of 0.41 T (77 K, 0.5 T) are obtained in the sample sintered at 1000 °C for 4.5 h; this is mainly related to the optimal microstructure of the pre-sintered SPPs and the YBCO bulk. These results indicate that pre-sintering and high-temperature infiltration is a very important method for controlling the microstructure and improving the physical properties of single-domain YBCO bulk superconductors.

Effect of thickness on magnetic properties of single domain GdBCO bulk superconductors

To study the influence of thickness on the magnetic properties of ReBCO (Re = Y, Gd, Sm, Nd, etc.) bulk superconductors, a single domain gadolinium barium copper oxide (GdBCO) bulk superconductor fabricated by the Re + 011 top seeded infiltration growth (Re + 011 TSIG) method was continuously sliced along the bottom to obtain samples of different thickness. The levitation force and attractive force of these samples were tested at 77 K in the zero-field-cooled (ZFC) state. It is found that as the sample thickness decreases, the levitation force decreases gradually whereas the attractive force increases. This is related to the varied ability to resist the penetration of magnetic field occasioned by varying sample thickness, which are deeply revealed by combining with the characteristics of the non-ideal type-II superconductor. Further, the levitation force exhibits a trend of slow initial change followed by rapid change, which may be attributed to the growth of the sample. Measurement of the trapped field shows that a similar distribution of trapped field at the top and bottom surfaces can be achieved by removing some materials from the bottom of the bulk. These results provide a reference for meeting the actual requirements of ReBCO bulks of different thicknesses and greatly contribute to practical designs and applications.

Top-seeded infiltration growth processing of single grain (Gd, Dy)BaCuO superconductors: Nano Nb2O5 doping, enhancement of trapped field and superconducting performance

Optimal doping of effective nano-inclusions improve the flux pinning ability of high-temperature superconductors. In continuation of optimization of single grain (Gd, Dy)Ba2Cu3O7‒δ ((Gd, Dy)BCO/123) bulk growth conditions via top-seeded infiltration growth process, present work aims further improvement of the flux pinning abilities via addition of ~ 100 nm sized Nb2O5 particles (0 – 0.4 wt%). Structural analysis through Rietveld refinement and elemental analysis elucidated different phases evolved in view of Nb partial doping with Gd-Dy-Ba-Cu-O system. Microstructural analysis combined with the elemental analysis indicated the fine sized mixed (Gd, Dy)2BaCuO5 particles distribution with no Nb substitution. While, the substitution of Nb in the 123-matrix phase was increased with doping amount. The superconducting transition temperature determined magnetically, and electrical resistivity are ~ 93 K and ~ 94.3 K respectively, not affected seriously by the Nb2O5 doping due to slightly over doping of holes. The (Gd, Dy)BCO superconductor doped by 0.3 wt% of Nb2O5 was observed to be best relation which supported superior superconducting critical current density (increased more than 40%) up to high applied magnetic fields and trapped field performance at 77 K. Scaling of the flux pinning force indicated the presence of mixed pinning mechanisms originated in (Gd, Dy)BCO due to doping of Nb.

Influence of RE-Based Liquid Source (RE = Sm, Gd, Dy, Y, Yb) on EuBCO/Ag Superconducting Bulks

One of the common approaches to improve the microstructure of rare-earth-barium-copper-oxide-based superconducting ceramics is an addition of a liquid source under the precursor bulk during top-seeded melt growth or top-seeded infiltration growth. The additional liquid source partially negates the change in elemental composition due to the loss of the liquid phase, which otherwise occurs. The focus of this contribution is to study the effects of various RE <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> -Ba <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> Cu <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">5</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">8</sub> -BaO <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> (RE = Sm, Gd, Dy, Y, Yb) liquid sources on the properties and microstructure of single-domain EuBCO/Ag bulks. The samples were prepared with a height of 16 mm and a diameter of 28 mm (as grown). This allowed us to study the diffusion of rare earth elements from the liquid source into the final bulk in detail. Samples were characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS. The phase composition was studied in detail using Rietveld refinement. The influence on key superconducting properties was also examined. The addition rare earth liquid phase has significantly improved the trapped field homogeneity. Dy <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sub> O <sub xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">3</sub> has yielded the highest trapped field among the studied rare earth elements. This research is significant in the field of high-performance superconducting ceramics since it allows for a better understanding of the role of the additional liquid phase during the TSMG process, the influence of different rare earth elements, and most importantly the impact of these techniques on the superconducting bulks.

Fabrication process and superconducting properties of recycling multi-domain GdBCO bulk superconductors using improved infiltration technique

High temperature superconductor has become one of the hotspots of research, because of its high critical temperature, strong trapped flux density, stable suspension characteristics and large magnet levitation force. The single domain REBa&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cu&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;7–&lt;i&gt;δ&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt; (REBCO) superconductors have the wide and potential applications in the high-tech fields, such as micro-magnet superconducting maglev train, superconducting motor and superconducting magnetic separation system. However, a large number of multi-domain samples are easy to produce in the preparation process, which leads the success rate to decrease significantly and the cost to increase considerably, which restricts its practical application process. Inspired by the top seeded infiltration growth method, we develop a reliable method of recycling failed GdBCO sample by re-supplementing the liquid phase lost in the primary growth process and pretreating the failed sample as solid phase source billets. We recycle a series of GdBCO samples by using this new technique successfully. The growth morphology, superconducting properties, and microstructures of the recycled GdBCO bulk superconductors are investigated in detail in this study. The results show that the magnetic levitation forces of the recycled GdBCO samples are all greater than 30 N, their magnetic flux densities are all above 0.3 T, and their capture efficiencies are above 60%. These results provide the scientific basis and new ideas for developing the low cost and high efficient yield of fabrication of the REBCO bulk superconductors.

A New Method for Batch Production of Single Domain GdBCO Bulks of Different Growth Sectors Using One Seed by the RE+011 TSIG Process

A single domain REBCO bulk, fabricated with one seed whether by the top seeded melt growth method or top seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) process, consists of five growth sectors (GSs) generally. ...

Pulsed-field magnetisation of Y-Ba-Cu-O bulk superconductors fabricated by the infiltration growth technique

Bulk high temperature superconductors based on the rare-earth copper oxides can be used effectively as trapped field magnets capable of generating large magnetic fields. The top-seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) processing technique can provide a more homogeneous microstructure and therefore more uniform superconducting properties than samples grown using conventional melt growth processes. In the present investigation, the properties of bulk, single grain superconductors processed by TSIG and magnetised by the pulsed-field magnetisation technique using a copper-wound solenoid have been studied. A trapped field of ∼3 T has been achieved in a 2-step buffer-assisted TSIG-processed Y-Ba-Cu-O (YBCO) sample at 40 K by magnetising the bulk superconductor completely via a single-pulse magnetisation process. Samples were also subjected to pulsed-field magnetisation at 65 K and by conventional field-cooled magnetisation at 77 K for comparison. Good correlation was observed between the microstructures, critical current densities and trapped field performance of bulk samples fabricated by TSIG and magnetised by pulsed-field and field-cooled magnetisation. The homogeneous distribution of Y2BaCuO5 inclusions within the microstructure of bulk YBCO samples fabricated by the 2-step buffer-assisted TSIG process reduces inhomogeneous flux penetration into the interior of the sample. This, in turn, results in a lower temperature rise of the bulk superconductor during the pulsed-field magnetisation process and a more effective and reliable magnetisation process.

A Practical Processing Method for the Fabrication of NdBCO Seed Crystals and High-Performance Single-Domain GdBCO Bulk Superconductors

NdBCO seed crystals and high-performance GdBCO bulk superconductors were prepared successfully by a modified top-seeded melt-textured growth (TSMG) process and by Gd + 011 top-seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) process. The modified TSMG process used a new composition powder (NCP, 0.9 Nd2O3 + 2.4 BaCuO2 + CuO) instead of the conventional composition powder (CCP, NdBa2Cu3O7-x + 0.4 Nd2BaCuO5), the GdBCO bulk superconductor seeded by the self-made NdBCO seed crystal. In the whole procedure above, only one precursor powder (BaCuO2) needs to be sintered, three kinds of powder and three pellets are required, so time and energy consumption were greatly reduced. The results of thermal analysis and X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns revealed the reaction mechanism of the modified TSMG process. Superconductivity properties of the GdBCO sample were measured employing a levitation force measurement system and a vibrating-sample magnetometer (VSM); the maximum value of the levitation force of the GdBCO sample was 44.78 N (77 k, 0.5 T); the onset superconductivity transition temperature (Tc) was approximately 93.7 K; the transition width was 6.2 K, and the maximum value of critical current density (Jc) was 1.5 × 105 A∙cm−2 (0 T, 77 K). These results indicate that, by combing the modified TSMG process and Gd + 011 TSIG process, a practical processing method for preparing the NdBCO seed crystals and the high-performance single-domain GdBCO bulk superconductors was developed.

Influence of CeO2 on microstructure, cracking and trapped field of TSIG YBCO single-grain superconductors

YBCO bulk single-grain samples with and without cerium oxide addition, were prepared by the two-step top seeded infiltration growth. The microstructure observations showed that cerium oxide addition led to formation of small Y2BaCuO5 (Y211) particles in the YBa2Cu3O7 single-grain matix. On the other hand, the sample without cerium oxide addition exhibited clusters of large Y211 particles. Observed difference in Y211 paricles led to significantly different size of a/c-oxygenation cracks. While the mean length of a/c-cracks in the sample with cerium oxide addition was several hundred micrometers, it was smaller than 50 μm in the sample without cerium oxide addition. It was shown that the clusters of large Y211 particles can effectively prevent extension of oxygenation a/c-cracks. The trapped magnetic field measured at 77 K is shown.

The comparison of levitation and lateral force of bulk and cut-pasted bulk GdBCO samples at different temperatures

In this work, in the first time, we have investigated the levitation and lateral force properties of bulk and cut-pasted bulk GdBCO samples at different temperatures and different cooling heights (CH) to determine the effect of cut-pasted process on the magnetic levitation force behaviour. The measurements of superconducting characteristics indicated that the attractive and repulsive force values of cut-pasted GdBCO sample are slightly lesser than those of GdBCO bulk sample. The maximum repulsive and attractive force values obtained as 15.45 N and −4.56 N for GdBCO bulk and as 14.78 N and −3.92 N for cut-pasted GdBCO samples at 37 K. Although there are many fabrication methods as melt-textured growth (MTG), top seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) and TSMG to produce large HTS samples, the desired large sample size and the sample shape compatible with the superconducting magnetic bearing systems are not still sufficient for the technological applications. In this study, the performed cut-pasted process and obtained magnetic levitation force data can be using for the increment sample size and the desired sample shape in the needed different geometry and size for superconducting magnetic bearing systems.

Reliable single grain growth of (RE)BCO bulk superconductors with enhanced superconducting properties

We review recent progress in the successful and reliable fabrication of large grain (RE)BCO and (RE)BCO–Ag bulk high temperature superconductors by three primary processing methodologies: top-seeded melt growth (TSMG), top-seeded infiltration growth (TSIG) and a combined processing route comprising both TSMG and TSIG. Several significant and useful modifications have been made to these processing routes over the recent years in order to grow (RE)BCO single grains reliably and to enhance their superconducting properties. With respect to the reliable growth of (RE)BCO single grains, we have further developed the so-called buffer technique for reliable seeding, which includes identifying and providing an appropriate liquid-rich phase at the bottom of pellet. This modification has proved to be critical to the success of the newly-developed fabrication techniques presented here. In addition, we have addressed existing and significant challenges in the context of improving the superconducting properties of the bulk samples by controlling the microstructures of single grain materials (porosity and the RE-211 distribution, in particular) and by suppressing the extent of RE/Ba substitution during grain growth. Finally, we provide a short summary of the potential pathways towards realising practical applications of these technologically important materials in the near future.

Effect of liquid phase mass for the production of single grain infiltration growth processed bulk YBa2Cu3Oy by YbBa2Cu3Oy+Liquid phase as a liquid source

The efficient production of single grain YBa2Cu3O7-δ (Y-123) bulks via top-seeded infiltration growth (IG) process demands optimized liquid phase (in the given case a mixture of Y-123 and Ba3Cu5O8). This enables a smooth peritectic growth and results in high quality bulks. Recently, 1:1 mixture of Y-123 and Ba3Cu5O8 has been considered as an optimum. In the search for a further optimized mixture to attain a longer c-axis growth, we tested Yb-123 + Ba3Cu5O8 liquid mixture varying the liquid phase (LP) amount, i.e. Yb-123 + liquid (1:1; 1:1.2; and 1:1.3). Using these liquid phase concentrations, Y-123 blocks were isothermally grown at 995 °C for 50 h with following slow cooling. Single-grain Y-123 blocks of 20 mm diameter and 7 mm thickness were fabricated. We present detail properties of the bulk Y-123 prepared with the liquid source of Yb-123 + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1.3). A sharp superconducting transition with Tc,onset at 90 K and critical current density (Jc) at 77 K of around 40 kA/cm2 and 13 kA/cm2 in self-field and 2 T (H//c-axis), respectively, were observed. Trapped field showed a typical single cone profile with maximum value of 0.4 T at 77 K, 0.3 mm above top centre of the bulk Y-123. It is more than triple value for the same size and a similar material reported so far for bulk Y-123 prepared with Yb-123 + Ba3Cu5O8 (1:1) as a liquid source.

Single-Grain Bulk YBa2Cu3Oy Superconductor Grown in Shorter Duration by IG Process

The top-seeded infiltration growth (IG) process is considered to be an attractive, well-established route compared to melt growth (MG) process due to its successful ability to resolve observed problems in MG process such as pores, shrinkage, and an ununiformed Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211) secondary phase particle dispersion in Y-123 matrix. This is among the first accounts of superconductivity where a large grain YBa2Cu3Oy (Y-123) was produced by IG process. Further, by utilizing homemade Y-123 and Y-211, we had prepared YBa2Cu3Oy samples via Y-123 + liquid (1:1) as a liquid source and had further characterized by utilizing the scanning electron microscopy (SEM), superconducting transition temperature (Tc), and critical current density (Jc) at 77 K. Here, we provide temperature dependence of magnetization measurements that indicated a sharp superconducting transition with Tc (onset) around 92 K. In addition, the critical current density was calculated on the basis of Bean’s model and resulted as 30,000 A/cm2 at 77 K (self-field), H//c-axis. Trapped field experiments had lucidly indicated that single-grain nature with maximum-trapped field of 0.3 T at 77 K and 1 mm above sample surface even samples are produced shorter duration, i.e., 50 h.

The effect of cooling rate on critical current density and microstructure of single grain bulk YBa2Cu3Oy superconductors grown by IG process

In the recent years, top-seeded infiltration-growth (TS-IG) process of YBa2Cu3Oy (YBCO) had shown crucial and promising strengths as compared to melt growth process. The IG process lucidly clarified that a supply of liquid phase is more than essential for further growing large grains. Further, this experimentation aimed to enhance the performance of bulk YBCO superconducting materials, which were processed by IG process. The homemade Yb-123 and Y-211 were utilized in order to produce YBa2Cu3Oy samples with the means of Yb-123+liquid (1:1) as a liquid source under a varied cooling rate. Moreover, single grain YBCO bulks were fabricated employing TS-IG process consisted of numerous varied cooling rates of 0.16 °C/h, 0.25 °C/h and 0.5 °C/h, respectively. In essence, all samples were oxygenated for 100 h with a constant pressure of 300 mL/min. Therefore, all samples’ texture was determined by means of X-ray diffraction measurements. Microstructure analysis was performed by scanning electron microscopy for correlation of critical current density of TS-IG processed single grain YBCO bulks.

Optimization of growth parameters for fabricating single grain (Gd, Dy)BCO bulk superconductors in top-seeded infiltration growth process

Fabrication of single grain bulk REBa2Cu3O7-δ (REBCO) superconductors with superior performance along with shape retaining is a recent topic. Mixed REBCO superconductors produced in melt growth (MG) technique had showed enhanced superconducting performance. However, this process offers many disadvantages such as macro-porosity, shrinkage in final products, inhomogeneous distribution of 211 secondary phase particles etc., which limit many practical applications. Infiltration growth (IG) process is advanced and superior to MG technique in several aspects. Recently, we fabricated (Gd, Dy)Ba2Cu3O7-δ ((Gd, Dy)BCO) bulk superconductors through systematic addition of Dy2BaCuO5 (Dy-211) content. The addition of 20 wt.% of Dy-211 in GdBCO was found to be optimum which resulted in enhanced superconducting performance. In the present work, in order to determine a suitable temperature window for fabrication of large single grain (Gd, Dy)BCO bulk superconductors, isothermal experiments were carried out at several constant temperatures in top-seeded IG process in air atmosphere. Systematic microstructural and magnetic properties were assessed and analysed. The 211 secondary phase particles are enlarged to as high as ∼ 25 µm when the sample assembly is dwelled at high temperatures and reduced to ∼ 2 µm – 4 µm in the samples dwelled at lower temperatures. Main emphasis will be given on the growth rate progress and difficulties involved in IG processing of mixed REBCO superconductors.

Single-Grain Bulk YBa2Cu3Oy Superconductors Grown by Infiltration Growth Process Utilizing the YbBa2Cu3Oy + Liquid Phase as a Liquid Source

The top-seeded infiltration growth (IG) processed YBa2Cu3Oy (Y-123) has several advantages compared to the same material produced by other melt process techniques. There is usually no shrinkage, a limited number of pores, and an uniform secondary phase particle dispersion in the Y-123 matrix. These characteristics of the IG process are very attractive for several industrial applications. In this paper, we produced a large single-grain Y-123 by IG and top seeded melt-growth process. Utilizing commercial YbBa2Cu3Oy (Yb-123) and a homemade Y2BaCuO5 (Y-211), we produced bulk YBa2Cu3Oy samples using Yb-123 + liquid (1:1) as a liquid source. Four facet lines on the top surfaces of the as-grown samples indicated a uniform growth from the seed up to sample edges. Magnetization measurements by SQUID magnetometer showed a sharp superconducting transition with Tc,onset at 92.1 K. The critical current density at 77 K and self-field was 39,000 A/cm2. Trapped field results confirmed that single grain Y-123 samples were produced utilizing the above process. Our results prove that Yb-123 + liquid (1:1) as a liquid source is effective in producing single grain Y-123 material by IG process.